IMPLICAÇÕES ORAIS E MAXILOFACIAIS DA COVID-19: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15628/holos.2020.10926Palavras-chave:
COVID-19, Infecções por coronavírus, Implicações orofaciais.Resumo
A COVID-19 é uma doença causada pelo novo coronavírus (SARS-CoV-2), identificada em Wuhan, na China, em dezembro de 2019, e declarada pandemia pela Organização Mundial da Saúde em março de 2020. As manifestações clínicas ocorrem principalmente no sistema respiratório, no entanto alguns estudos têm relatado alterações extra-pulmonares, tais como implicações orais e maxilofaciais. O presente estudo objetiva verificar as possíveis implicações orais e maxilofaciais da COVID-19. Para tanto, foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Foram realizadas buscas sistemáticas no SciELO, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus e Google Acadêmico no período de 6 a 8 de junho de 2020. Os critérios de inclusão foram estudos que avaliaram manifestações orais e/ou maxilofaciais da COVID-19 e retratavam casos clínicos de pacientes com a doença. Os critérios de exclusão foram estudos indisponíveis para leitura na íntegra, revisões de literatura e cartas ao editor. Foram selecionados 12 estudos, nos quais as principais manifestações foram alterações no paladar e no olfato, boca seca, úlceras em mucosa oral e aumento dos linfonodos cervicais e submandibulares, os quais podem se apresentar em conjunto com outros sintomas respiratórios ou de forma isolada. Devido a isso, a identificação de algumas dessas alterações pode contribuir para o diagnóstico precoce da doença, entretanto mais estudos são necessários para aprimorar as evidências científicas a respeito da temática, para esclarecer se parte dessas alterações constituem manifestações da doença ou consequência do estado imunológico do paciente que favorece o desenvolvimento de infecções oportunistas e negligência da higiene bucal.
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